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Market Studies and Technical Reports

This page contains links to lighting market characterization studies and technical reports published by the U.S. Department of Energy, plus information on current studies under way. The following documents are available as Adobe Acrobat PDFs. Download Adobe Reader.

These studies and reports are intended to present objective market and technical analysis based on the most recent, referenceable data available at the time of preparation of the reports. As new information becomes available, DOE will make efforts to update these studies as necessary. While coordinated with other DOE data sources and policies, these reports also include data from a variety of non-governmental sources in order to produce, to the extent possible, unbiased analysis. These reports are intended solely for the benefit of the public, in order to help regulators, manufacturers, energy program managers, and others make informed choices and decisions related to solid-state lighting. Readers of these reports are urged to conduct their own due diligence and research before using the analysis presented in these reports.

Technical Reports

• Life-Cycle Assessment of Energy and Environmental Impacts of LED Lighting Products
  This three-part DOE study assesses the life-cycle environmental and resource costs in the manufacturing, transport, use, and disposal of LED lighting products in relation to comparable traditional lighting technologies.

  • Part 1: Review of the Life-Cycle Energy Consumption of Incandescent, Compact Fluorescent, and LED Lamps (54 pages, February 2012—Updated August 2012)

  • Part 2: LED Manufacturing and Performance (79 pages, June 2012)

  • Part 3: LED Environmental Testing (211 pages, March 2013)

  • Complete Report Summary

• Accounting for Uncertainty in Lumen Measurements
  This study provides a detailed and step-by-step method for determining uncertainty in lumen measurements, working closely with related standards efforts and key industry experts. This report uses the structure proposed in the Guide to Uncertainty Measurements (GUM) for evaluating and expressing uncertainty in measurements. (35 pages, March 2011)

  • Excel spreadsheet discussed in Report Appendix

Lighting Market Characterization Studies

• Adoption of Light-Emitting Diodes in Common Lighting Applications
  Report estimating LED energy savings in nine applications where LEDs compete with traditional lighting sources such as incandescent, halogen, high-pressure sodium, and certain types of fluorescent. The analysis includes indoor lamp, indoor luminaire, and outdoor luminaire applications. (65 pages, April 2013)

• Residential Lighting End-Use Consumption Study: Estimation Framework and Initial Estimates
  Study that aims to improve the understanding of lighting energy usage in U.S. residential dwellings using a regional estimation framework. The framework allows for the estimation of lamp usage and energy consumption 1) nationally and by region of the United States, 2) by certain household characteristics, 3) by location within the home, 4) by certain lamp characteristics, and 5) by certain categorical cross-classifications. (62 pages, December 2012)

• Energy Savings Potential of Solid-State Lighting in General Illumination Applications
  Report forecasting the energy savings potential of LED white-light sources compared to conventional white-light sources. Estimate uses an econometric model of the U.S. national lighting market that relies on assumptions of projected efficacy, retail price, and operating life based on work conducted collaboratively by DOE and industry experts, including members of the Next Generation Lighting Industry Alliance. (84 pages, January 2012)

  • Report Summary

• 2010 U.S. Lighting Market Characterization
  Detailed estimates of the national inventory of installed lamps, their performance characteristics, associated energy use, and lumen production in four sectors: residential buildings, commercial buildings, industrial buildings, and outdoor. (100 pages, January 2012)

  • Excel workbook containing all data provided in the LMC report

  • Report Summary

• Energy Savings Estimates of Light Emitting Diodes in Niche Lighting Applications
  Report estimating LED energy savings in 12 markets where LEDs compete or are poised to compete with traditional lighting sources such as incandescent, halogen, high intensity discharge (HID), and certain types of fluorescent. The analysis includes general illumination, outdoor lighting, and consumer electronic display applications. (88 pages, January 2011)

  • Report Summary

• Energy Savings Potential of Solid-State Lighting in General Illumination Applications 2010 to 2030
  Report estimating national energy savings that could be realized through the market penetration of energy-efficient solid-state lighting if the technology achieves certain forecasted price and performance objectives. Estimate is based on a model of the U.S. national lighting market - considering various lighting technologies, end-use sectors, and end-use applications within those sectors - and presents input assumptions, the methodology, and the findings of this analysis. (54 pages, February 2010)

  • Report Summary

• Revised Report - Energy Savings Estimates of Light Emitting Diodes in Niche Lighting Applications
  Report estimates LED savings in 12 niche markets where LEDs compete or are poised to compete with traditional lighting sources (e.g., incandescent and fluorescent); analysis includes colored-light applications, indoor white-light applications, and outdoor white-light applications. (104 pages, September 2008, Revised October 2008)

  • Errata from the September 2008 Niche Report

• Energy Savings Potential of Solid-State Lighting in General Illumination Applications
  Study estimating national energy savings that could be achieved if white-light, solid-state lighting devices (LEDs, OLEDs) follow projected price and performance targets.  Estimate is based on an econometric model of the U.S. lighting market in which solid-state and conventional technologies (incandescent, fluorescent, HID) compete for available sockets (50 pages, December 2006)

• Compact Fluorescent Lighting in America: Lessons Learned on the Way to Market
  Analysis of the market introduction of compact fluorescent lighting in the U.S., with emphasis on identifying lessons that could be applied to other new lighting technologies, such as solid-state lighting (92 pages, June 2006)

• U.S. Lighting Market Characterization, Volume II: Energy-Efficient Lighting Technology Options
  Study presenting fifty-two lighting technology options that promise to save energy or demonstrate energy savings potential. For each option, this report provides a brief technical description, describes the energy savings principle, estimates the technical-potential energy savings, discusses promising applications and provides other details and information relevant to the technology (286 pages, September 2005)

• Energy Savings Potential of Solid-State Lighting in General Illumination Applications
  Study estimating energy that could be saved if white-light, solid-state lighting devices (LEDs, OLEDs) were to achieve projected price and performance targets; based on econometric model in which solid-state and conventional technologies (incandescent, fluorescent, HID) compete for available sockets in U.S. market (49 pages, November 2003)

• Energy Savings Potential of Light Emitting Diodes in Niche Lighting Applications
  Study estimating energy saved in 2002 by using LEDs in place of incandescent and other light sources in colored-light niche applications (e.g., exit signs, traffic signals, motor vehicle signals, airplane taxiway edge-lights) (114 pages, November 2003)

• U.S. Lighting Market Characterization, Volume I: National Lighting Inventory and Energy Consumption Estimate
  Inventory of installed U.S. lighting technologies for 2001 and associated energy consumption, addressing what lighting technologies are installed and where, and their performance attributes (120 pages, September 2002)

• U.S. Lighting Market Characterization, Volume I, Appendices H, I and J
  Three appendices to U.S. Lighting Market Characterization, Volume 1, detailing the statistical analysis done to extrapolate building audits conducted during the 1990s to provide estimates for 2001 (206 pages, September 2002)

• U.S. Lighting Market Characterization, Volume I
  PDF version of Excel workbook containing all data provided in U.S. Lighting Market Characterization, Volume 1 (78 tables, September 2002)