A chiller can be generally classified as a refrigeration system that cools water. Similar to an air conditioner, a chiller uses either a vapor-compression or absorption cycle to cool. Once cooled, chilled water has a variety of applications from space cooling to process uses.
Energy Efficiency Tip
On a centrifugal chiller, if the condenser water temperature is decreased by 2° F to 3° F, the system efficiency can increase by as much as 2 to 3%. Conversely, if the chilled water temperature on this chiller is raised by 2° F to 3° F, the system efficiency can be increased by 3 to 5%.
Cost Savings Tip
The total energy cost of producing chilled water is not limited to the cost of operating the chiller itself. Auxiliary power requirements must be included as well, including costs for cooling towers fans, condenser water circulating pumps, and chilled water circulating pumps. These system requirements should be reduced as much as possible.
Maintenance Tip
Effective maintenance of chillers requires two activities. First, you need to bring the chiller to peak efficiency. Once at this level, ensure that peak efficiency levels are maintained. A detailed list of activities to help you achieve chiller efficiency can be found under Chiller Maintenance.
Safety Tip
Large chillers are most commonly located in the mechanical equipment rooms where there is also air conditioning equipment. If a hazardous refrigerant is used, the equipment room must meet additional requirements. There typically include minimum ventilation airflow rates and vapor concentration monitoring. Check with your local codes before installing this type of equipment.